Saint Erchard – Patron saint of the village

St Erchard, it is said, was born in the Pictish settlement whose remains are still to be seen on the hillside above Tolmauds, about four miles to the north of Kincardine O’Neil (or Kinker as the locals know it). Erchard or M’erchaid as he is also called by early chroniclers (your imagination may be kindled here by the similarity between the Gaidhealic form of his name and Machar!) became a student of St Ternan at his banchor which, of course, we now know as Banchory. The term banchor was used to denote a Christian settlement where was to be found a seat of learning and instruction. It is the same root from which the city of Bangor derives its name. Erchard was destined to become a powerful spiritual force in the valley and one of Ternan’s greatest disciples. In the course of time St Ternan ordained him a presbyter and M’erchaid resolved to devote himself to continuing the work of the ancient father of Christianity in Alba – St Ninian.

M’erchaid is said to have founded the original church at Kincardine O’Neil over which the ruins of the present medieval church stand. This church was from ancient times dedicated in the name of its founder, as was the custom. It was only later, when the church in Alba became Romanised, that dedications became strictly biblical, often at the expense of the more ancient dedications! Close by, on the other side of the road, the reader will still see St Erchard’s well. Latterly, the local residents have started to revive the memory of this man who should be hailed as one of the heroes of the early church and to celebrate his festival each year on the 24th of August.

But M’erchaid was not destined to stay on Deeside. He, along with another of Ternan’s great disciples St Drostan, followed literally in the footsteps of St Ninian. Heading northwards he came via the muinnitir at Clova (close to Lumsden) to that at Dunbeath (Glass). Whilst in Strathglass he discovered a bell hidden in the ground at the foot of a certain tree and resolved to end his wanderings and found his new church at the place where the bell rang for the third time of its own accord. Following Ninian’s route he eventually came to Glenmoriston on the banks of Loch Ness and here the bell rang for the first time at Suidh Mhercheird, St M’erchaid’s Seat. The second time it rang at Fuaran Mhercheird, St M’erchaid’s Well at Ballintombuie. It rang for the third time at a spot beside the river Moriston, known afterwards as Clachan Mhercheird, St M’erchard’s Church. A bell locally associated with the saint lay on a tombstone in the burying-ground at Clachan Mhercheird about 1873, when it was removed by some strangers visiting the district! As the reader would expect, various miraculous properties were attributed to it by long-shared legend. It was believed to heal the sick if they touched it in faith; to find its way back if removed from the Clachan; to ring of its own accord when a funeral was approaching the burying-ground; and finally, if cast on the water, to float on the surface. The people, however, were always unwilling to apply this extreme test, for they remembered the warning St M’erchaid was said to have uttered: “I am Merchard from across the land: keep ye my sufferings deep in your remembrance; and see that ye do not for a wager (or trial) place this bell in a pool to swim.”

St M’erchaid is said to have carried out his missionary work in the fifth century, a long time before Colum Cille ever set foot on the soil of Alba. Being a disciple of St Ternan, Erchard must be counted as one of the earlier missionaries to work amongst the Picts. His work would seem to represent the kindling of the Christian fire lit by St Ninian in the northern parts of Alba. It is also of interest to note that M’erchaid travelled to the Great Glen, in ancient times known as the Valley of the Saints, which is the supposed route taken by Ninian on his return to Whithorn. More important perhaps, he carried out his mission near the ancient capital of the northern Picts at Craig Phadrig. This fortress is now thought to have been situated on the hill of the name above Inverness although the Hill of Torrean is thought by some to be a better candidate and still within the bounds of Inverness. A minority claim the Pictish capital was situated at Urquhart where the ruins of a much later castle now stand. Interestingly, some sources claim that one of the earlier buildings on this castle site was a chapel founded by Colum Cille himself. The truth, however, seems to be that the High King of the Picts moved his capital between a number of locations, including another at Loch Insh near Kingussie. It can be argued with certainty that M’erchaid based himself very much on the “main road” as it were from north to south and that his mission must have had a huge influence on the Pictish nation. Perhaps this is why Colum Cille found it relatively easy to convert the High King Brude Macmelcheon when the two met at Craig Phadrig a century later. The fact that M’erchaid was a Pict himself and understood the language must have been a huge advantage and would have added greatly to his powers of conversion.

Some chronicles say that M’erchaid visited Rome and was there made a bishop. We must beware of this facet of M’erchaid’s history however since it was a very common practice of the Roman fabulists to say that a Celtic saint visited Rome. They did this, of course, to try to show that the early church in Alba owed allegiance to Rome which it most certainly did not. Even in Colum Cille’s time the church in Alba determinedly preserved its independence from Rome, just as in later times it declared its independence from the authority of the Archbishop of York. The story continues to tell us that on his way home M’erchaid remained for a time in Pictavia, now Poitou in France, and preached the gospel to its inhabitants, some of whom had lapsed into paganism. Here again we encounter a fascinating parallel with the supposed history of St Machar as told in the Aberdeen Breviary. Machar, too, is said to have gone to Rome and to have been made a bishop. Indeed, he is said to have been made Archbishop of Tours which is itself in the northern part of Pictavia or Poitou. Is this similarity another coincidence or are we, in fact, starting on a trail which will determine Machar and M’erchaid to be one and the same person?

After his return to the district of Kincardine O’Neil, feeling that death was approaching, he commanded that his body should be placed in a cart drawn by a pair of horses, and that a church should be built on the spot where they halted. This, according to popular belief, was the origin of the church of Kincardine O’Neil; and it was natural that the saint should have been adopted as its titular.

Most of what we would suggest that we know of these very early times and the activity of the first Saints comes from legend and folk lore and is, as a result, open to questioning and considerable doubt. However, by piecing together the fragments which do remain, it may be possible to get a glimpse of the truth. What does seem to emerge is a story which may have a major consequence – that Erchard or M’erchaid should be placed in the ranks of the early heroes of the early Celtic or Pictish church in Alba, alongside the better known Ternan and Drostan, and, that the deliberately misleading history contained in the Aberdeen Breviary may in this case be close to a truth but has confused Machar for M’erchaid. Here, indeed, is a mystery worthy of further investigation. For, if it is the truth, then Aberdonians have been mislead for many centuries into the veneration of Machar when, in fact, the target of their intercessions should have been M’erchaid. Can we doubt that there would have been a much more enthusiastic acceptance of a local man rather than an Irish foreigner, a man whose roots were very much in Deeside and a man whose impact on those times is clear and considerable. Information from Firths Celtic Scotland